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#ANTIDOTE FOR POTASSIUM TOXICITY ACTIVATOR#

Activated Charcoal for Acute Poisoning: One Toxicologist’s Journey Kent R. Serves as biologic antioxidant against acetaminophen toxicities The ferric iron of methemoglobin back to ferrous ion in hemoglobin, whichĪcetylcysteine supplies the precursor amino acids for glutathione, which

In nitrite poisoning, methylene blue interact with reduced NADPH to reduce The antidote promotes return to normal function by repairing a defect orĮnhancing a function that correct the effect of poison. By aiding in the restoration of normal function: Synapse and neuromuscular junction in organophosphate toxicity The physiologic effect induced by a toxin is prevented by an antidote,Īlthough the toxicant is unchanged and may still be active.Ītropine blocks the physiologic effect of acetylcholine at cholinergic By blocking receptors responsible for the toxic effect :

#ANTIDOTE FOR POTASSIUM TOXICITY ACTIVATOR#

Paralidoxime : CHE activator act by breaking alkyl phosphate che bond.ĭiacetyl monoxyime(dam): action same as pam but with more bbb Used for calcium channel blocker especially verapamil It is also used to correct bradycardia caused by morphine, digitalis, beta Atropine: organophosphate, carbamate and other parasympathomimetic Flumenazil: antagonist for benzodiazepine Naloxone/naltrexone: opioid dependence, longer action and affinity for By competing with the toxicant’s action at a receptor site: Molybdenum and sulfate for copper toxicity by making water soluble complex, By facilitation of more rapid or complete elimination of A toxicant :Ĭhange the physiochemical nature of toxin, allowing better glomerular filtration andĮ.g. More effective when given immediately before toxic metabolic activationĮthanol and 4-methylpyrazole(4-mp) which compete with the alcoholĭehydrogenase which prevent the formation of toxic intermediate from ethyleneĢ. Preventing the formation of toxic metabolites:

This type of antidote may act by following 5 mechanism.

Pharmacologic antidotes may neutralize or antagonize the effects of a.

Counteract the effects of a poison by producing the opposite.

Sodium nitrite converts hemoglobin into.

Which is less toxic than cyanide and interfere with the cyanide access to Nitrite interact with hemoglobin and cyanide to form cyanomethamoglobin , That bind specifically to the toxin or venom Antivenins and antibodies against digitoxin are immunologicaly genrated agents Of metal forming more water soluble complex Binding agents like EDTA, defroxamine and d-pencillamine act by chelation DMSA (dimercaprol and dimercaptosuccinic acid are sulfohydral compounds that Metal chelators combine with metals to form complexes that can then beĪntidote make complex with the toxicant making it unavailable to cross the

Interact specifically with a toxicant, or neutralize the toxicant.Į.G.

Contraindicated for iron, lithium, potassium, and ethanol overdose.

the optimal dose is probably a 40:1 ratio (by weight) of charcoal to.

AC can prevent systemic absorption of drugs when given within 1.

Adsorption results from weak intermolecular (van der Waals) forces.

Thereby increase its adsorptive surface area.

Activation: hot air to erode the internal surfaces of the product and.

Produced by heating pulverized carbonaceous substances sawdust,.

The mainī) Coating: A mixture of egg & milk make a coat over the mucosa.Ĭ) Dissolving: 10% alcohol or glycine for carbolic acid This process createsĪ film of the adsorbate on the surface of the adsorbent. Antibodies to the poison : digibind and antiveninsĪgent use to interfere with poison through physical properties, notĪ) Adsorbing: Adsorption is the adhesion of atoms, ions, or moleculesįrom a gas, liquid, or dissolved solid to a surface. Bypass the effect of poison Oxygen in the treatment of CO and cyanide toxicityħ. Block the receptor through which the toxic effect of the poison is mediatedĦ. Compete the poison for certain receptors Naloxoneĥ. Decrease the rate of conversion of poison into toxic metabolite Ethanol, fomepizoleĤ. Accelerates the detoxification of the poison N-acetylcystine, thiosulfateģ.

Interacts with the poison to form a non toxic complex that can be excretedĢ. Antidotes reduce the overall burden of health service in managing of poisoningĬlassification of antidote- According to mode of actionĬlassification of antidote- According to site of actionġ.

“Antidote was defined as a therapeutic substance used to counteract the toxic